JAVA实现邮件发送方式

1、使用jdk自带的api来实现邮件发送，即JavaMail Api来实现发送，通过里面的Transport.send()发送，其中session用于权限认证，具体实现

用java发邮件，必须要导入新的包

mail.jar – 发邮件的核心包

activation.jar – 对用户和密码加密.

在mail.jar中有三个核心类：

Javax.mail.Session – 是指与邮件服务器会话。整个项目中只要一个就可以了.

Javax.mail.Message（接口） - 准备发送数据信息。

MimeMessage － 可以设置类型的数据信息。

Transport – 它拥有一个方法可以发送Message。

@Test
  public  void sendMail() throws Exception{
    //1,声明properties对象放信息
    Properties props = new Properties();
    //设置连接哪一台服务器
    props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");
    //设置是否认证：
    props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
    //2，声明用户名和密码
    Authenticator auth = new Authenticator(){
      //返回用户名和密码对象
      @Override
      protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
        PasswordAuthentication pa = new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "123456");
        return pa;
      }
    };
    //3,获取session对象
    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, auth);
    //设置session为调试模式
    session.setDebug(true);
    //4,声明信息
    MimeMessage mm1 = new MimeMessage(session);
    //5,设置发件人信息
    Address form = new InternetAddress("[email protected]"); 
    mm1.setFrom(form);
    //6,设置收件人 ,RecipientType:发送，抄送，密送  类型
    mm1.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
    //mm1.setRecipient(RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress(""));//抄送
 
    //7，设置主题
    mm1.setSubject("拉面学习通知");
    String cont = "请点击 <a href='http://www.fsy158.com/news/31_207'>官网新闻</a>查看祝您发财";
    mm1.setContent(cont, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
    
    //8，发送
    Transport.send(mm1);
  
  }

其中的mimeType可是text/plain纯文本。

发送附件：

@Test
  public  void sendMailWithFile() throws Exception{
    Properties ps = new Properties();
    ps.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");
    ps.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
    
    Authenticator auth = new Authenticator(){
      @Override
      protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
        return new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]","xxx.");
      }  
    };
    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(ps, auth);
    session.setDebug(true);
    MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
    Address address = new InternetAddress("[email protected]");
    msg.setFrom(address);
    //发送给
    msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
    msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.BCC, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));//密送
    msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));//抄送
    msg.setSubject("$激情小视频*免费观看");
    
    //声明多部件处理
    MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
    
    MimeBodyPart body1 = new MimeBodyPart();
    //设置附件
    DataSource ds1 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/a.jpg"));
    DataHandler dh1 = new DataHandler(ds1);
    body1.setDataHandler(dh1);
    //必须设置名称
    body1.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("美女.jpg"));
    
    MimeBodyPart body2 = new MimeBodyPart();
    DataSource ds2 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/b.jpg"));
    DataHandler dh2 = new DataHandler(ds2);
    body2.setDataHandler(dh2);
    body2.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("美女2.jpg"));
    
    MimeBodyPart body3 = new MimeBodyPart();
    DataSource ds3 = new FileDataSource(new File("./img/m.mp3"));
    DataHandler dh3 = new DataHandler(ds3);
    body3.setDataHandler(dh3);
    body3.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("小电影.mp3"));

    //添加body到mm
    mm.addBodyPart(body1);
    mm.addBodyPart(body2);
    mm.addBodyPart(body3);
    
    msg.setContent(mm);

    //设置发送日期
    Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
    c.add(Calendar.DATE, -5);
    msg.setSentDate(c.getTime());

    //发送
    Transport.send(msg);
  }
  

可以继续添加MimeBodyPart 来设置正文

MimeBodyPart htmlPart = new MimeBodyPart();String cont = "请点击 <a href='http://www.fsy158.com/news/31_207'>官网新闻</a>查看祝您发财";htmlPart.setContent(cont, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

mm.addBodyPart(htmlPart);

2、通过spring自带的JavaMailSender来实现，JavaMailSender其实就是对JavaMail进行封装而来的，通过javaMailSender.send()发送。具体实现

1. maven依赖在pom.xml中添加如下依赖：

<springframework.version>4.3.6.RELEASE

org.springframework

spring-core

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-context

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-context-support

${springframework.version}

org.springframework

spring-beans

${springframework.version}

javax.mail

mail

1.4.72.applicationContext.xmlapplicationContext.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

3.测试代码import com.sun.xml.internal.messaging.saaj.packaging.mime.internet.MimeUtility;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class JavaMailSenderTest {

@Autowired
private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

@Test
public void testSimpleTextMail(){ //发送普通文本邮件

SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
mailMessage.setFrom("FX_SKY");// 发送者，可选的
mailMessage.setTo("[email protected]");//接受者
mailMessage.setSubject("测试邮件");//主题
mailMessage.setText("Test Email send by javaMailSender!");//邮件内容

javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
}

@Test
public void testMimeMail() throws Exception { //发送HTML格式的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题：嵌入静态资源");
helper.setText("", true);

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}

@Test
public void testMimeInlineMail() throws Exception { //发送HTML格式含图片的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题：嵌入静态资源");
helper.setText("", true);
FileSystemResource logoFile = new FileSystemResource(new File("logo.jpg"));
helper.addInline("logo", logoFile);

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}

@Test
public void testAttachmentMail() throws Exception { //发送含附件的邮件

MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();

MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);// 第二个参数设置为true，表示允许添加附件
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("发送含图片附件的邮件");
helper.setText("含有附件的邮件");

helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeText("附件-1.jpg"), new File("E:/attachment1.jpg"));
helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeText("附件-2.jpg"), new File("E:/attachment2.jpg"));

javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
}
模板邮件通常我们使用邮件发送服务的时候，都会有一些固定的场景，比如重置密码、注册确认等，给每个用户发送的内容可能只有小部分是变化的。所以，很多时候我们会使用模板引擎来为各类邮件设置成模板，这样我们只需要在发送时去替换变化部分的参数即可。

Java中常用的模板引擎有FreeMarker 和Velocity，下面我们以Velocity为例做演示。

pom.xml 引入velocity 依赖：

org.apache.velocity

velocity

1.7

org.apache.velocity

velocity-tools

2.0

在resources/templates/ 目录下，创建一个模板页面mail.vm：

最后，我们在单元测试中加入发送模板邮件的测试用例，代码如下： @Test
public void testSendTemplateMail() throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("FX_SKY");
helper.setTo("[email protected]");
helper.setSubject("主题：模板邮件");

VelocityContext context = new VelocityContext();
context.put("username", "Velocity");
context.put("activation_url", "http://www.baidu.com");
Template template = ve.getTemplate("templates/mail.vm");
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
template.merge(context, sw);

String text = sw.toString();
helper.setText(text, true);
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);